Comparison of short term and long term effects of peroral L carnitine intake: clinical implications of elevated TMAO levels in cardiovascular complications Comparison of short term and long term effects of peroral L carnitine intake: clinical implications of elevated TMAO levels in cardiovascular complications Full article: Gutheart axis: emerging therapies targeting trimethylamine N oxide production The adverse effects of long term l carnitine supplementation on liver and kidney function in rats L Liu, D M Zhang, M X Wang, C Y Fan, F Zhou, S J Wang, L D Kong, 2015 Unraveling the Formation Mechanisms of Trimethylamine N Oxide and Its Inhibition by Food Ingredients: Toward Cardioprotective Food Development Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry Can choline supplementation cause a fishy body odor? Consensus